莫诺苷对晚期糖基化终末产物诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞损伤的代谢组学研究

目的研究晚期糖基化终末产物(AGEs)诱导损伤人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)模型导致的细胞内源性代谢物的变化及山茱萸环烯醚萜苷类特征成分莫诺苷对异常代谢的调节作用,寻找莫诺苷保护损伤HUVECs潜在的代谢生物标志物,探索莫诺苷保护AGEs诱导损伤HUVECs的作用机制。方法体外培养HUVECs,AGEs诱导制备HUVECs损伤模型。将细胞分为对照组、模型组和给药组,通过高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC/Q-TOF-MS)技术,对3组细胞样本进行分离测定。采用主成分分析(PCA)、偏最小二乘法-判别分析(PLS-DA)、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)等模式识别方法对变量数据进行分析,t检验进行显著性统计分析,筛选出潜在生物标志物。通过独特通路分析(IPA),构建代谢组学特征网络图。结果模式识别能够较好地区分对照组、模型组和给药组细胞;进一步根据VIP数值大小筛选出30个对分类有显著贡献的离子,定性鉴定出10种潜在代谢生物标志物,这些内源性物质在给药组细胞内的水平均得到了不同程度的恢复。找到5条代谢通路,构建了莫诺苷保护AGEs诱导HUVECs损伤的代谢组学特征网络图。结论莫诺苷可使AGEs诱导损伤的HUVECs中代谢物水平有不同程度的恢复,其保护作用可能与5条相关代谢通路的调节有关。     

HPLC法测定不同产地荆芥中6种黄酮类成分

目的通过对不同产地荆芥Schizonepeta tenuifolia中6种黄酮类成分的检测,为其质量控制提供依据。方法采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法建立荆芥药材中黄酮类成分的检测方法,并以6种黄酮类成分的量为数据来源,对其进行聚类分析。结果不同产地荆芥中6种黄酮类成分的量差异较大,木犀草苷、槲皮苷、橙皮苷、木犀草素、芹菜素、香叶木素的线性范围分别是0.030~0.148μg、0.222~1.108μg、0.357~1.784μg、0.058~0.292μg、0.054~0.269μg、0.050~0.247μg,加样回收率为96.32%~99.97%,RSD2.20%;其中,安徽产地聚为一类,河南1与广东产地为聚一类,河南2、河北、云南、四川、湖北、甘肃产地聚为一类。结论建立的方法简单、灵敏,可用于荆芥的多指标成分的质量控制;其次,河南1、河南2、河北、云南、四川、湖北、广东、甘肃的亲缘关系较近,可以作为同一药用来源。     

桃儿七HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的建立桃儿七的HPLC指纹图谱分析方法,为该药材的鉴别及质量评价提供依据。方法采用Thermo Hy PURITY C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-0.4%磷酸水溶液为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,柱温25℃,体积流量0.8 m L/min,检测波长290 nm,进样量10μL。采用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统"(2004 A)和SPSS 19.0统计软件中的聚类分析对指纹图谱进行相似度分析。结果建立桃儿七的HPLC指纹图谱,确定了17个共有峰,并指认了其中8个共有峰,经相似度评价,19批桃儿七药材指纹图谱与共有模式比较的相似度均在0.9以上,整体相似度较好,聚类结果与相似度评价结果基本一致。结论该研究建立的桃儿七HPLC指纹图谱可为该药材的鉴别及质量评价提供更全面的参考。     

厚朴转录组SSR标记的开发及功能分析

目的分析厚朴转录组中的SSR位点,并设计引物初步验证,对含SSR的序列进行功能分析,为厚朴分子辅助标记育种和资源保护提供了有利工具。方法将通过厚朴高通量转录组测序获得的Unigene序列进行SSR位点挖掘,利用Primer.03进行引物设计,随机挑选45对引物进行PCR,并利用Blast软件对含有SSR的Unigene进行功能分析。结果在16 369条厚朴转录组序列中共获得8 635个SSR位点,出现频率为52.75%。SSR序列中单核苷酸、二核苷酸和三核苷酸为优势重复类型,重复比例最高为10次,主导重复基元类型为A/T(47.16%)、AG/CT(31.74%)、AAG/CTT(6.53%)。45对引物中22对(48.89%)可以扩增出预期大小的条带。含SSR的Unigene与能量和氧化还原等代谢过程,以及RNA转运、剪接体和植物激素信号转导等通路有关。结论厚朴高通量转录组序列的SSR位点具有类型丰富、特异性强和潜能高等特点,同时SSR序列的功能分析将为厚朴基因挖掘和分子标记辅助育种提供有利的工具。     

术中胃减压对神经内镜经鼻颅底手术后恶心呕吐的影响

目的探讨术中胃减压对行神经内镜经鼻颅底手术患者手术后恶心呕吐(PONV)的影响。方法回顾性分析2019年1—8月在复旦大学附属华山医院神经外科接受神经内镜经鼻颅底手术的357例患者的临床资料。根据术中是否进行胃减压,分为胃减压组(146例)和对照组(211例)。比较两组的临床特征和术后24 h内PONV发生率的差异。对于包括胃减压在内的各因素对行神经内镜经鼻颅底手术患者PONV发生的影响,采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析法探讨。结果所有患者术后24 h内的PONV发生率为11.8%(42/357)。胃减压组的女性比例[58.2%(85/146)对比46.4%(98/211),P=0.029]和Apfel评分为2~3分的比例[64.4%(94/146)对比50.2%(106/211),P=0.008]均高于对照组,而胃减压组PONV的发生率低于对照组[7.5%(11/146)对比14.7%(31/211),P=0.039]。单因素logistic回归分析结果提示,术中采用脂肪填塞修补脑脊液漏、术中采用黏膜瓣修补脑脊液漏、术中胃减压和术中失血量是神经内镜经鼻颅底手术患者PONV发生的影响因素(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果提示,术中胃减压(OR=0.397,95%CI:0.185~0.852,P=0.018)和术中失血量(OR=1.133,95%CI:1.026~1.250,P=0.013)为神经内镜经鼻颅底手术患者PONV发生的独立影响因素。结论实施术中胃减压可降低神经内镜经鼻颅底手术患者PONV的发生率。     

A Precise and Reliable Method of Determining Lesion Size in Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Using Volumes

BackgroundTo ascertain whether volumetric measurements to characterize lesion size in osteonecrosis of the femoral head using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 3D software are more precise than other previously described methods.MethodsTwenty-four patients were included in the study. Two musculoskeletal radiologists independently analyzed radiographs and MRIs using the methods described by Kerboul et al [9], Koo and Kim [10], and Cherian et al [11]. Volumetric measurements were calculated from the MRIs using 3D imaging software. Inter-rater reliability was calculated for all 4 methods using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Levene's test was used to compare the variance across methods, serving as a measure of precision of each method.ResultsAn ICC value of 0.81 was calculated for the volumetric measurements. The ICC values of the Kerboul et al, Koo and Kim, and Cherian et al methods were 0.94, 0.61, and 0.49, respectively. Levene's test for homogeneity of variance using absolute deviations showed the variance was not equal across methods (P < .01). The variance and the corresponding 95% confidence interval were calculated showing that the variance for the volumetric measurements was the smallest among the 4 methods examined, indicating that the volumetric measurements are more precise in characterizing lesion size as compared to the other methods.ConclusionVolumetric measurements of lesion size using 3D MRI imaging software to assess osteonecrosis of the femoral head are more precise than previously described methods and have excellent interobserver reliability. A 3D MRI assessment of volume of osteonecrosis in the femoral head may be useful in clinical decision-making.     

Inter-segmental foot kinematics during gait in elderly females according to the severity of hallux valgus

The objective of this study was to find the effect of hallux valgus (HV) deformity on the inter-segmental motion of the foot using an MFM with a 15-marker set (DuPont Foot Model, DuFM) in comparison with age and sex controlled healthy adults. Fifty-eight female symptomatic HV patients and 50 female asymptomatic older female volunteers were included in this study. According to the radiographic hallux valgus angle (HVA), the study population was divided into severe HV (SHV, HVA ≥ 40°, n = 25), moderate HV (MHV, 20° ≤ HVA < 40°, n = 47), and control (CON, n = 36). MHV group was divided into symptomatic MHV group (S-MHV, n = 33) and asymptomatic MHV group (A-MHV, n = 14) according to the symptoms associated with HV. For temporal parameters, gait speed and stride length were diminished according to the severity of HV deformity. Sagittal range of motion of hallux and hindfoot decreased significantly in SHV group. Loss of push-off during the preswing phase was observed and forefoot adduction motion during terminal stance was decreased in SHV group. In a subgroup analysis of MHV, asymptomatic HV minimally affects gait and inter-segmental motion during gait. HV deformity affects gait parameters and inter-segmental motion of the foot during gait in proportion to the severity of the deformity. However, the effect of MHV itself on foot kinematics might be limited while pain or arthritic change of the joint might cause changes in gait in patients with symptomatic HV.